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6月16日第四十二期水木清华生命科学讲座系列
发布时间:2016-06-06关键字:

第四十二期水木清华生命科学讲座系列

 

 

  韩斌博士1963年出生于安徽阜阳,1985年毕业于安徽师范大学, 1992年获英国Sainsbury Laboratory/John Innes Centre博士。1993-1998年在剑桥大学植物系做博士后研究。1998年至今,在中科院国家基因研究中心工作,任研究员、中心主任。现为中科院上海生命科学院副院长,植生生态所所长。

  自1998年以来,一直从事水稻基因组、群体遗传学、全基因组关联分析及栽培稻的起源和驯化等研究工作。完成了水稻第四号染色体精确测序及着丝粒序列结构分析。成功开展了基于全基因组测序分析的水稻复杂性状全基因组关联分析和转录组分析。克隆和鉴定了一些水稻重要农艺性状和驯化相关基因,系统鉴定了水稻全基因组驯化选择位点。基于基因组变异和野生稻地理生态型分析,揭示了亚洲栽培稻粳稻为单起源于中国珠江流域并经过第二次驯化产生籼稻,解开了水稻驯化和起源之谜。近年来主要开展水稻复杂性状和杂种优势的分子遗传机制研究。 

 

 

Topic: Rice genome variation and functional genomics studies

 

Speaker:

Bin Han, Ph.D.

Director and Investigator

National Center for Gene Research, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, SIBS, CAS, Shanghai

 

Abstract:

Characterization of rice genome variation is a foundation for understanding the relationship between genetic variation and agronomic traits, and for investigating origins of cultivated rice. Agronomically important complex traits are usually controlled by multiple genes and affected by various environmental conditions. However, genetic basis and regulatory mechanisms underlying rice complex traits are still unclear. We developed an integrated approach of genome-wide association study (GWAS) with functional analysis on rice complex traits in a diverse cultivated rice population, which is so called as a CAT-Gs (Catching Agronomic Trait Genes) approach. The associated loci with the agronomic traits such as panicle length, grain sizes, grain weight and grain filling rate will be further characterized through expressional profiling, in-depth genome analysis, transgenic study, genome editing, and population genetic analysis. We believe that allelic genetic variations responsible for the panicle and grain size complex traits can be effectively explored. 

The phenomenon that the heterozygous first filial (F1) generation often has better performance than its homozygous parents is known as heterosis or hybrid vigour. We have developed an integrated genomic approach to construct a genome map for more than 1000 elite hybrid rice varieties. This approach enabled us to analyze the genomic structures of the rice hybrids and to identify the heterotic loci and the genetic effects of both the homozygous and heterozygous genotypes. In-depth analyses of the effects of genotypes reveal rare superior alleles play important roles in contributing to heterosis. This study gains new insights into the genetic basis of heterosis and provides important resources and information for designing superior rice. The comprehensive map of rice genome variation also provides an effective genomics approach for rice domestication research.

 

日期:2016年6月16日(周四)15:00-16:00

地点:清华大学医学科学楼B323

 




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