Lipid droplets: Organelle Crosstalk and Cellular Functions

时间：2018-05-02 10:00-11:00

主讲人：James Olzmann

主题：Lipid droplets: Organelle Crosstalk and Cellular Functions

地点：清华大学生物新馆143

Lipid droplets are endoplasmic reticulum-derived organelles that consist of a core of neutral lipids (e.g. triacylglycerol and sterol esters) encircled by a phospholipid monolayer. As the primary cellular lipid storage depot, lipid droplets provide an “on demand” source of fatty acids that can be rapidly mobilized for energy in response to fluctuations in nutrient abundance. Lipid droplet functions are controlled by a host of associated integral and peripheral proteins. The identity of an organelle proteome provides significant insights into the function(s) and regulation of an organelle. In this seminar, I will discuss two chemical biology strategies that we have developed to characterize the identity and regulation of lipid droplet proteomes, including a proximity labeling approach to study lipid droplet proteome dynamics and a chemoproteomic method to profile fatty acid-modified lipid droplet proteins. These novel approaches provide new insights into the composition of the lipid droplet proteome as well as its regulation by ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation pathways and by fatty acid modifications. Finally, I will end by discussing recent data that establish a non-canonical role for lipid droplets as a lipid buffer that protects mitochondria from lipotoxic damage during autophagy.